You can change the background color and/or boundary of any JGoDrawable by setting the Pen and Brush properties, but the JGoIconicNode class does not contain any such background JGoDrawable object. You just need to create a JGoIconicNode subclass that adds one.
The following very simple subclass should get you started:
public class IconicNode extends JGoIconicNode { public IconicNode() { }
public IconicNode(String label) { super(label); init(); }
Worst case, you can always override the paint method in the node and paint the outlined/filled rectangle, then call the super's paint method to paint the normal node on top of that. It's actually not that much code.
I'm using that to paint a translucent selection rectangle around the icon part of the iconic node.